6.2.1

=Political Revolutions=

On the eve of American Revolution Britain was a formidable foe whose power stretched throughout the world. In addition a new ruler sought to expand the monarchy. There were several key reasons for Britain's rise to global prominence. England's location was in a position to control trade. In 1500-1600's England would build a global empire on these tiny settlements. In exchange England offered good climate to business and commerce. In the 1700s Britain was on the winning side of European conflicts. The seven years war brought Britain all of French Canada. Back in Britain Louis Philippe became the new king, and given the title 'Citizen King', because he was the first to be chosen by citizens. Although politicians filled his government, most people still could not vote. Middle class were favored at the expense of workers. Because of the laws, revolutionists scared rulers to think about reforms. The French were out of control, and congress wanted to create a barrier to help prevent French expansion. Soon later, in 1831 Belgium became an independent state with liberal constitution. This made an impression on Poland tried, but unfortunately failed for their independence. Meanwhile the radicals supported secret societies to work for the french republic. During this Louis Phillippe called for expanded suffrage. Because of this the government was blamed for heightened recession, and reduced economic activity. Also in this time Paris became ripe for revolution. The upper and middle class pretty much so ran the government. So even when there were work shops set up to help the unemployed; the upper and middle classes thought this was a waste of time and money, and shut them down. Liberals turned violently at protestors and the middle class now feared and distrusted socialists. Soon members decided they wanted to restore order. Nine million french men could now vote, and Napolean the 3rd was president. However Napolean declared himself emperor and the second republic shortly ended. With this Napolean also brought French leadership into Europe. He gradually brought economic growth, and the basic rights for all male citizens. Revolution continued to spread and nationalist demanded independent government. Australian governments agree to reforms. Italian states were next in line to try for independent governments.